Identifying a Drug Overdose and What to Do if You See One Happening
The opioid crisis is a pressing public health issue in Arizona and throughout the U.S. As drugs become more dangerous due to misuse and contamination with other substances, overdoses are becoming more common. The Arizona Department of Health Services reports that more than five people die from opioid overdoses every day. Fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, is the most common substance found in opioid-related deaths. There are steps you can take to identify a drug overdose and help someone experiencing one.
What is a drug overdose and why is it dangerous?
An overdose happens when the level of substances in the body reaches toxic levels, causing the central nervous system to shut down. The central nervous system controls breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. Not breathing enough oxygen can cause permanent damage to the brain and other organs in the body.
How can I identify an overdose?
The symptoms of an overdose depend on the substance or combination of substances consumed. Some common signs of an overdose include:
- They are mentally confused or delirious
- Their limbs are jerking or rigid
- They’re experiencing extreme chest pain
- Their skin color changes
- They pass out or faint
- Their body temperature increases
- They have a higher pulse rate than normal
- They’re sweating excessively
- They are nauseous or are vomiting
- They’re having seizures or convulsions
- They are breathing slowly or irregularly
What should I do if I suspect someone is having an overdose?
If you notice a person displaying these symptoms, call 911 immediately. If the person is unconscious, lay them on their side. If they are awake, prevent them from eating or drinking before a medical professional clears them. Keep them awake and breathing and stay with them until emergency services arrive.
I’ve heard about Naloxone (Narcan) for overdoses. How is it used?
Naloxone is a life-saving medication that reverses opioid overdoses when used properly. It is available as an injectable as well as a nasal spray with no prescription required. Anyone can purchase and carry Naloxone. Administering it will not hurt someone who is or is not overdosing. Some insurance plans cover Naloxone at no cost. [some community-based options]
How do I administer Naloxone?
Look at these quick videos to learn how to use a Naloxone injectable or Naloxone nasal spray. Or, take a look at the Naloxone infographic by the AZ Prevention Resource.
Overdoses can be fatal, but lives can be saved if care is administered quickly. If you suspect a person is overdosing, call 911 immediately.
Click here for more information on how to recognize opioid misuse and abuse.
Call 1-888-688-4222 or click the link to access free, confidential Opioid Assistance and Referral Line (OARLine)
Community health professionals: The 2023 Tribal Opioid & Substance Use Conference: Strengthening Tribal Approaches to Address Substance Use in Your Community, will be taking place November 15-16, 2023, in Scottsdale, AZ. Admission is free, and tickets will be available until November 10th. Click here for more information and to register for the conference.